Cyclodextrins in Chromatography. Part 1. Liquid Chromatographic Methods

Chromatographic procedures were developed and successfully employed for the separation of a high number of organic and inorganic compounds present at trace level in complicated accompanying matrices. The capacity of chromatographic separation technologies can be increased by the modification of both the stationary and the mobile phase of the system. Because of their specific adsorption character cyclodextrins (CD) and cyclodextrin derivatives (CDs) have been frequently applied for the improvement of the separation parameters (mainly chiral separation capacity) of various chromatographic methods. The chiral separation capacity of cyclodextrins has been frequently exploited for the separation of enantiomers with markedly different biological activity employing CDs. CDs and CD derivatives can be equally used as additives of stationary phase or modifier of the mobile phase. The number of studies dealing with the application of CDs and CD derivatives for the increase of the separation capacity of chromatographic systems increased considerably. Because of their versatility CDs have found application in many special branch of chromatography such as liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and electrically driven separation methods (CE, CZE), and ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).